Control Flow
Table of contents
If statement
if (false or true) {
var variable = "Hello";
print(variable); // Print is a native function so parenthesis are required
}
// Single line if statement body does not require braces
if (true)
print("Hello");
if (false)
print("Not going to print!");
else
print("Will print!");
var x = 5;
if (x == 6) {
print("Not going to print!");
} else if (x == 5) {
print("Will print!");
} else {
print("Not going to print!");
}
Switch Statement
A switch statement can be seen as a more maintainable if/else if chain. It evaluates an expression and then enters a case block depending upon if the expression matches the expression of the case block.
The value supplied to a case block can be of any type and follows the same rules of equality as the == operator.
switch (10) {
case 1: {
// 10 doesn't equal 1, so this is skipped.
}
case 10: {
// Match! This block of code is executed!
}
}
Default
Sometimes there may be a need for a bit of code to be executed if none of the case blocks match the expression of the switch statement. This is where the default block comes into play.
switch ("string") {
case "nope": {
}
case "nope again!": {
}
default: {
// This will get executed!
}
}
Multi-Value Case
Sometimes we need to execute a block of code based on a set of values. This is easily done by just supplying a comma separated list of values to the case block.
switch (10) {
case 1, 3, 5, 7, 9: {
// 10 doesn't equal any of the supplied values, this is skipped.
}
case 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10: {
// Match! This block of code is executed!
}
}
Loops
While loop
// While loop
var i = 0;
while (i < 10) {
print(i);
i += 1;
}
Dictu also implements syntactic sugar for a while true loop.
// While 'true' loop
// If no expression is made, true is implicitly assumed
while {
print("Hello");
sleep(1);
}
For loop
// For loop
for (var i = 0; i < 10; i += 1) {
print(i);
}
Continue statement
Continue allows execution of a loop to restart prematurely.
// For loop
for (var i = 0; i < 10; i += 1) {
if (i % 2 == 0)
continue; // Skip all even numbers
print(i); // Only odd numbers will be printed
}
Break statement
Break allows execution of a loop to stop prematurely.
// For loop
for (var i = 0; i < 10; i += 1) {
if (i > 5)
break; // Exit the loop here
print(i); // Only numbers less than or equal to 5 will be printed
}